After this period both protein synthesis and viral release were recovered to the control levels.

This pattern of cellular transcription factor expression correlated with decreased HIV-1 transcription and viral release.

Vpu proteins of pandemic HIV-1 M strains degrade the viral receptor CD4 and antagonize human tetherin to promote viral release and replication.

However, only limited information has been reported on viral shedding after RV-TV vaccination.

Reduced viral shedding was associated with reduced serum antibody responses.

Parameters studied included serological responses, and clinical disease and nasal viral shedding following challenge infection.

Dental treatment did not influence asymptomatic viral shedding patterns.

Morbidity and mortality rates, as well as viral shedding, were investigated as parameters of virus infection.